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Cet article va apparaître comme chapitre 2 du ISPI REPORT CHINA 2017 "Belt and Road: A game changer in international relations?", publié par ISPI, centre de recherche à Milan, édité par Alessia Amighini ; The context of EU-China relations has dramatically changed over the past five years. China's interest in Europe has expanded geographically and substantially. At the broader diplomatic and strategic level, the OBOR initiative has come to symbolize China's growing significance in international affairs, reshaping regional dynamics. The European Commission and the Chinese government have agreed to enhance synergies in connectivity platforms. However, new investment trends and trade relations with China are highly differentiated across Europe and across sectors. The lack of a clearly defined OBOR plan in most European countries is weakening their bargaining power. In the meantime, China is following its flexible foreign policy approach when dealing with the EU. So far, the OBOR projects in Europe are mainly focusing on transport and infrastructure in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe. We are witnessing the reconfiguration of international institutions and the emergence of a more multi-polar global order.

Cet article va apparaître comme chapitre 2 du ISPI REPORT CHINA 2017 "Belt and Road: A game changer in international relations?", publié par ISPI, centre de recherche à Milan, édité par Alessia Amighini ; The context of EU-China relations has dramatically changed over the past five years. China's interest in Europe has expanded geographically and substantially. At the broader diplomatic and strategic level, the OBOR initiative has come to symbolize China's growing significance in international affairs, reshaping regional dynamics. The European Commission and the Chinese government have agreed to enhance synergies in connectivity platforms. However, new investment trends and trade relations with China are highly differentiated across Europe and across sectors. The lack of a clearly defined OBOR plan in most European countries is weakening their bargaining power. In the meantime, China is following its flexible foreign policy approach when dealing with the EU. So far, the OBOR projects in Europe are mainly focusing on transport and infrastructure in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe. We are witnessing the reconfiguration of international institutions and the emergence of a more multi-polar global order.

Cet article va apparaître comme chapitre 2 du ISPI REPORT CHINA 2017 "Belt and Road: A game changer in international relations?", publié par ISPI, centre de recherche à Milan, édité par Alessia Amighini ; The context of EU-China relations has dramatically changed over the past five years. China's interest in Europe has expanded geographically and substantially. At the broader diplomatic and strategic level, the OBOR initiative has come to symbolize China's growing significance in international affairs, reshaping regional dynamics. The European Commission and the Chinese government have agreed to enhance synergies in connectivity platforms. However, new investment trends and trade relations with China are highly differentiated across Europe and across sectors. The lack of a clearly defined OBOR plan in most European countries is weakening their bargaining power. In the meantime, China is following its flexible foreign policy approach when dealing with the EU. So far, the OBOR projects in Europe are mainly focusing on transport and infrastructure in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe. We are witnessing the reconfiguration of international institutions and the emergence of a more multi-polar global order.

"Chinese President Xi Jinping launched the Silk Road Economic Belt component of the One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative at Kazakhstan in 2013. OBOR is a development strategy and framework that focuses on connectivity and cooperation among countries primarily in Eurasia. It consists of two main components, the land-based "Silk Road Economic Belt" (SREB) and ocean-going "Maritime Silk Road" (MSR). This book studies the equilibrium or balance between overland and maritime trade routes of OBOR. This book has two major sections. The interpretive section examines contemporary media narratives related to the OBOR initiative and how contemporary commentators appropriate narratives about historical events related to the maritime Silk Road to interpret current policy agendas and legitimize diplomatic or economic exchanges. In terms of institutional studies, the chapters related to Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) will look at the issues facing the Bank in its quest in forming a new world platform for multilateral development financing. The other section, the empirical case study of the publication highlights the fact that Euro-China High Speed Rail (HSR) and Central Asia-China HSR are not viable at the moment as passenger volume is not sufficient to justify the HSR line. This section examines the overland route of the OBOR and looks at recent Chinese HSR history and conventional sub-high speed rail technology development, and identifies technical & economic criteria determining the appropriate technology for a certain line. The chapter in this section will use the developed criteria to analyze the various rail linkage projects currently under study in the OBOR framework, highlight the economic, bureaucratic and geo-political challenges that these projects likely face and lay down conditions that will determine the outcome of these projects."--Provided by publisher

"Der China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) stellt eine der bislang größten chinesischen Auslandinvestitionen im Rahmen der "One Belt, One Road"-Initiative dar. Im Zuge der Ausgaben in Höhe von rund 46 Milliarden US-Dollar, die in den nächsten Jahren geplant sind, werden sich die chinesisch-pakistanischen Beziehungen weiter vertiefen. Zugleich wird Pakistan für die chinesische Außenpolitik an Bedeutung gewinnen. Der CPEC betrifft aber auch die indisch-pakistanischen Beziehungen. Der Transportkorridor zwischen Pakistan und China verläuft durch Jammu und Kaschmir, dessen Status zwischen Indien und Pakistan seit 1947 umstritten ist. Aufgrund dieser Konstellation ist ein Negativszenario naheliegend, dem zufolge der CPEC die indisch-pakistanischen Beziehungen zusätzlich belasten könnte. Allerdings ist auch ein positives Szenario denkbar, in dem langfristig sogar eine Beilegung des Kaschmirkonflikts möglich erscheint." (Autorenreferat)

At present, the Sino-Russian relations are the best in the history of relations between the two countries, the interaction of these two countries in the international arena is one of the most important factors for ensuring stability in international affairs. Entering the Twenty-first century, despite the fact that the international situation is still difficult and the situation in the regions, as before unstable, the Sino-Russian relations continue to move forward, reaching a higher level. Russia, as China's largest neighbor and partner in comprehensive strategic cooperation, is an active supporter and an important participant in the construction of the "One Belt and One Road," as well as a key partner in cooperation. Currently, the trend of the positive development of Sino-Russian relations continues, but despite the most positive development of political and economic relations, both sides are in no hurry to raise them to the rank of allies.

'Professor Li Xing has been studying the development of emerging countries in general and China in particular for many years, and has put forward the insightful theory of 'Interdependent Hegemony'. This book represents a further deepening and extension of his theory. It is a highly valuable piece of literature.' --Lin Hongyu, Huaqiao University, China 'This book provides an authoritative overview, grounded in critical political economy, of the One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative and will no doubt become a benchmark for future studies of this complex and ambitious project.' -- Ian Taylor, University of St Andrews, Scotland This book sets out to analyze how the OBOR initiative will influence the world's geo-political and geo-economic environment, with specific regard to the 'Belt and Road' countries and regions. It evaluates what opportunities the OBOR can offer them in light of the constraints they face, paying particular attention to how security issues may keep some nations from fully participating. Questions are also asked about the tension and conflict along the 'Belt' and 'Road', which, after all takes in the Middle East's most tumultuous regions, as well as the much disputed South China Sea. Finally, consideration is given as to how the world's other economic powers will react when the OBOR inevitably brings about capital and resource competitions. Li Xing is Professor and Director of the Research Centre on Development and International Relations at the Department of Culture and Global Studies, Aalborg University, Denmark. He is also Editor-in-Chief of Journal of China and International Studies.--

The article examines the recent strengthening of Kyrgyz-Chinese ties, that may be seen in a number of infrastructure projects within "One Belt, One Road" project. There are a number of accompanying difficulties that are offset by the further possibilities of cooperation (increasing trade turnover, turning Bishkek into an online trading hub, transferring excess Chinese capacity to the territory of Kyrgyzstan).

Considering the economic importance of China for Sweden, a project such as the 'Belt and Road' initiative should be expected to entail a great deal of interest among Swedish policy-makers and the business community alike. However, this has not been the case, as the response so far has been varied and often cautious. The focus among Sweden's policy-makers and the business community alike has been a wait-and-see approach, so the impact of OBOR in Sweden has been very limited. Sweden's business community has been somewhat more optimistic, in particular with regard to opportunities in Central Asia, while the policy-makers in general do not see much that is new with the OBOR project. In conclusion, very little has been done; much more could and should have been done. There is a great need for strong leadership and guidance if Sweden is not going to fall way too far behind other nations with respect to OBOR. ; Chapter in report